Endocrine Glands
Hormone production occurs in specialized endocrine glands throughout the body. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland act as master controllers, regulating other endocrine glands through hormonal signals. Each gland produces specific hormones: the thyroid releases metabolic regulators, adrenals produce stress hormones, and pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon for blood sugar control.
Chemical Signaling
Hormones act as chemical messengers, traveling through the bloodstream to target specific cells. These molecules bind to receptor proteins on or in target cells, triggering specific responses. Different hormone types work at varying speeds: some create rapid changes in cell activity, while others influence gene expression for longer-term effects.
Regulatory Functions
The endocrine system maintains body homeostasis through complex feedback loops. Hormone levels adjust constantly based on body needs and environmental conditions. This system controls crucial functions including growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response. Disruptions in hormone production or reception can cause various health disorders, requiring careful medical management.Shutdown123